Bioluminescence | Biolumineszenz
65 images Created 11 Nov 2020
Bioluminescence is the emission of light by a living organism. fungi, bioluminescent bacteria, fireflies | Biolumineszenz wird die Fähigkeit von Lebewesen bezeichnet, selbst oder mit Hilfe von Symbionten Licht zu erzeugen. Leuchtorganen
![[Digital focus stacking] Most of the homogeneous phosphorescence of the sea, the glowing wakes, is caused by the presence of blooming phytoplankton, notably the microscopic dinoflagellate Noctiluca miliaris. Noctiluca is abel to produce bioluminescence, in response to mechanical stimulation. | Dinoflagellat (Noctiluca miliaris) verursacht das sogenante Meeresleuchten in der Nordsee. Pellworm, Deutschland](https://m.psecn.photoshelter.com/img-get2/I0000UL.IjFfwz8E/fit=180x180/fill=/g=G0000tmf3G2z.9D0/I0000UL.IjFfwz8E.jpg)
![[captive] Polychaete (Tomopteris helgolandicus) also known as Bristleworm. Head only Trondheimfjord, North Atlantic Ocean, Norway [size of single organism: 1,8 cm] | Ein frei in der Wassersäule schwimmender, fast völlig trensparenter Borstenwurm (Tomopteris helgolandicus). Dieser wurm kann biolumineszieren und ist damit teil des Meeresleuchten. Trondheimfjord, Norwegen](https://m.psecn.photoshelter.com/img-get2/I0000fddQXoVwgZs/fit=180x180/fill=/g=G0000tmf3G2z.9D0/I0000fddQXoVwgZs.jpg)
![[captive] Lepidophanes guentheri, a species of the large group of lanternfish (or myctophid, family Myctophidae, 246 species, mykter = Greek for ‘nose’ and ophis for ‘serpent‘) shows a pattern of paired light-producing cells (photophores) located along the ventral sides and at the head. They serve to mask the fish by counterillumination and are used in intraspecific communication (shoaling, courtship). This rather small deep sea fish species (adult approx. 8 cm) performs diurnal vertical migrations: during daylight hours it can be found at depths of > 400m, at night it ascends to < 100 m. Its habitat is therefore the mesopelagic (or twilight) zone. The widely distributed and numerous species of the family of lanternfish account for a great part of the overall biomass of deep sea fish: about 65%. As such they play an important ecological role as prey species for all kinds of larger marine vertebrates (fish, sea birds, marine mammals). [size of single organism: 8 cm] Atlantic Ocean, close to Cape Verde | Atlantischer Ozean, nahe Kap Verde](https://m.psecn.photoshelter.com/img-get2/I0000k4U88WoMZV4/fit=180x180/fill=/g=G0000tmf3G2z.9D0/I0000k4U88WoMZV4.jpg)
![[captive] Lepidophanes guentheri, a species of the large group of lanternfish (or myctophid, family Myctophidae, 246 species, mykter = Greek for ‘nose’ and ophis for ‘serpent‘) shows a pattern of paired light-producing cells (photophores) located along the ventral sides and at the head. They serve to mask the fish by counterillumination and are used in intraspecific communication (shoaling, courtship). This rather small deep sea fish species (adult approx. 8 cm) performs diurnal vertical migrations: during daylight hours it can be found at depths of > 400m, at night it ascends to < 100 m. Its habitat is therefore the mesopelagic (or twilight) zone. The widely distributed and numerous species of the family of lanternfish account for a great part of the overall biomass of deep sea fish: about 65%. As such they play an important ecological role as prey species for all kinds of larger marine vertebrates (fish, sea birds, marine mammals).](https://m.psecn.photoshelter.com/img-get2/I0000dgQ2prpFW.s/fit=180x180/fill=/g=G0000tmf3G2z.9D0/I0000dgQ2prpFW.s.jpg)
![[captive] Scaleless black dragonfish (Melanostomias biseriatus), Deep Sea fish. Atlantic Ocean close to Cape Verde | Der im Atlantik zu findende Drachenfisch (Melanostomias biseriatus) wird 25 cm lang und lebt in etwa 700 m Tiefe. Er gehört zu den Barten-Drachenfischen (Stomiidae). Seine fast schwarze Haut ist schuppenlos. Mit seinen Leuchtorganen, der zur Angel umgestalteten Bartel und den langen Zähnen entspricht er dem Klischee des "typischen" Tiefsee-Fisches.](https://m.psecn.photoshelter.com/img-get2/I00008ClReZHRDv8/fit=180x180/fill=/g=G0000tmf3G2z.9D0/I00008ClReZHRDv8.jpg)
![[captive] Scaleless black dragonfish (Melanostomias biseriatus), Deep Sea fish. Atlantic Ocean close to Cape Verde | Der im Atlantik zu findende Drachenfisch (Melanostomias biseriatus) wird 25 cm lang und lebt in etwa 700 m Tiefe. Er gehört zu den Barten-Drachenfischen (Stomiidae). Seine fast schwarze Haut ist schuppenlos. Mit seinen Leuchtorganen, der zur Angel umgestalteten Bartel und den langen Zähnen entspricht er dem Klischee des "typischen" Tiefsee-Fisches.](https://m.psecn.photoshelter.com/img-get2/I0000g7yZ1qSj020/fit=180x180/fill=/g=G0000tmf3G2z.9D0/I0000g7yZ1qSj020.jpg)
![[captive] Loosejaw fish (Malacosteus niger) with a light organ beneath its eye. The are also called black dragonfish (Malacosteus niger) and are a deep sea fish mainly preys on copepods. This species is among the small group of deep sea fishes that are able to emit red light and also to see it. This has only lately been revealed by scientists. The black dragonfish shines on its prey to see it without the prey even noticing that it is floodlighted – and without ringing the dinner bell for other predator species. [size of single organism: 6 cm]. Atlantic Ocean, close to Cape Verde | Schwarzer Drachenfisch (Malacosteus niger)](https://m.psecn.photoshelter.com/img-get2/I0000hiBee7Yh3lw/fit=180x180/fill=/g=G0000tmf3G2z.9D0/I0000hiBee7Yh3lw.jpg)
![[captive] Loosejaw fish (Malacosteus niger) with a light organ beneath its eye. The are also called black dragonfish (Malacosteus niger) and are a deep sea fish mainly preys on copepods. This species is among the small group of deep sea fishes that are able to emit red light and also to see it. This has only lately been revealed by scientists. The black dragonfish shines on its prey to see it without the prey even noticing that it is floodlighted – and without ringing the dinner bell for other predator species. [size of single organism: 6 cm]. Atlantic Ocean, close to Cape Verde | Schwarzer Drachenfisch (Malacosteus niger)](https://m.psecn.photoshelter.com/img-get2/I0000jpxKwyYzODs/fit=180x180/fill=/g=G0000tmf3G2z.9D0/I0000jpxKwyYzODs.jpg)
![This handsome creature is the deep-sea hatchetfish Argyropelecus olfersi, found only in the eastern Atlantic - hatchetfish; eyes look up; light plates on body counter illuminate creating no shadow This hatchetfish Sternoptyx has many photophores beneath its body. Although this is not true bioluminescence, light is emitted from these same photophores. The glow is directed downward through light-guides, presumably to function as effective counterillumination seen only from below. [size of single organism: 4 cm] | Der Silberbeil, Tiefsee-Hatchetfisch oder Beilfisch (Argyropelecus olfersi). lebt in Tiefen bis zu 800 m. Während der Nacht steigt er aber in flachere Wasserschichten bis 100 m unter der Wasseroberfläche auf. Als Anpassung an dieses Leben in der Dämmerlichtzone hat der Beilfisch große Augen und an der Bauchseite eine Reihe von Leuchtorganen. Das bläuliche Licht an seiner Unterseite tarnt den Beilfisch, wenn Räuber von unten gegen das schwache Licht der fernen Oberfläche nach Beute suchen.](https://m.psecn.photoshelter.com/img-get2/I0000UMFa9QDQmm4/fit=180x180/fill=/g=G0000tmf3G2z.9D0/I0000UMFa9QDQmm4.jpg)
![[captive] Venus flytrap sea anemone may discourage predators by releasing glowing slime when disturbed Picture was taken in cooperation with the Senckenberg Nature Research Society (SGN) | Das Bild entstand in Zusammenarbeit mit der Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung (SGN)](https://m.psecn.photoshelter.com/img-get2/I0000wWalInMvLK8/fit=180x180/fill=/g=G0000tmf3G2z.9D0/I0000wWalInMvLK8.jpg)
![[captive] The bioluminescent light is moving over the animal in stipes. Bioluminescence in Sea Pens Picture was taken in cooperation with the Senckenberg Nature Research Society (SGN) | Das Bild entstand in Zusammenarbeit mit der Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung (SGN)](https://m.psecn.photoshelter.com/img-get2/I0000lxyz4.yMx2c/fit=180x180/fill=/g=G0000tmf3G2z.9D0/I0000lxyz4.yMx2c.jpg)
![[captive] four pictures of the same sea pen side by side to show the movement of the bioluminescent light over the time. Bioluminescence in Sea Pens Picture was taken in cooperation with the Senckenberg Nature Research Society (SGN) | Das Bild entstand in Zusammenarbeit mit der Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung (SGN)](https://m.psecn.photoshelter.com/img-get2/I0000KsL0zD0r.Qw/fit=180x180/fill=/g=G0000tmf3G2z.9D0/I0000KsL0zD0r.Qw.jpg)
![Common Jelly (Pelagia noctiluca) [size of single organism: 30 cm]](https://m.psecn.photoshelter.com/img-get2/I0000SXAK4AN.4fA/fit=180x180/fill=/g=G0000tmf3G2z.9D0/I0000SXAK4AN.4fA.jpg)
![[captive] Squid (Abraliopsis atlantica) note the red bioluminescencent light obove the eys.Good to see the Photophores in 6 straight longitudinal rows on mantle. They are used to produce bioluminescencent light. Atlantic Ocean, close to Cape Verde | Der Körper ist überseht mit Leuchtorganen (Photophore). Atlantischer Ozean, nahe Kap Verde](https://m.psecn.photoshelter.com/img-get2/I0000p7x6qyQOnhs/fit=180x180/fill=/g=G0000tmf3G2z.9D0/I0000p7x6qyQOnhs.jpg)
![The black dragonfish (Malacosteus niger) mainly preys on copepods. This species is among the small group of deep sea fishes that are able to emit red light and also to see it. This has only lately been revealed by scientists. The black dragonfish shines on its prey to see it without the prey even noticing that it is floodlighted – and without ringing the dinner bell for other predator species. [size of single organism: 6 cm] | Schwarzer Drachenfisch.Malacosteus niger.Stoplight loosejaw.09.05.1991.RMT8 600-400.0 - 2500 m..Der Schwarze Drachenfisch ernährt sich hauptsächlich von Copepoden .(kleinen Krebsen). Als einer der wenigen Tiefseefische kann er rotes .Licht aussenden und auch sehen. Wie das geschieht, wurde erst .kürzlich erforscht..Malacosteus niger kann mit Hilfe von rotem Scheinwerferlicht seine.Beute sehen, ohne dass er selber gesehen werden kann, und ohne dass.andere Raubfische angelockt werden. .Die Photozellen produzieren zunächst blaugrünes Licht, das von .Pigmenten wieder absorbiert wird und mit 626 nm den Filter erreicht. .Dort wird es nochmal gefiltert, und schliesslich mit 705 nm ins Meer .ausgesandt..Malacosteus niger hat nicht wie wir Sehpigmente, die für rotes Licht.empfindlich sind. Das rote Licht wird zunächt von einem speziellen .Antennenpigment absorbiert und in Form von Energie den Sehzellen .zugeführt. Dort können die auf blaues und grünes Licht empfindlichen .Sehpigmente die Information weiterleiten. Das Antennenpigment ist dem .Chlorophyll der grünen Pflanzen ähnlich und verwandelt wie .pflanzliches Chlorophyll Licht in Energie.](https://m.psecn.photoshelter.com/img-get2/I0000NCnjvbD7hBY/fit=180x180/fill=/g=G0000tmf3G2z.9D0/I0000NCnjvbD7hBY.jpg)
